The Dolomites: Famous passes like Passo di Gavia and Stelvio.
Tuscany: Rolling hills, notably the SP222 (Chiantigiana).
Sardinia: Known for high-grip asphalt and technical curves.
License: IDP required for non-EU license holders (1949 or 1968 accepted).
ZTL Zones: Historic city centers (Zona a Traffico Limitato) are off-limits. Cameras enforce fines automatically; rentals might charge admin fees for processing.
Helmet: Mandatory ECE 22.05/22.06 standard.
Traffic: Drive on the right. Traffic is fast and aggressive; hesitation creates danger.
Theft: High risk in major cities (Rome, Naples, Milan); disc locks required.
Fuel Info: "Fai da te" (Self-service) is cheaper than "Servito" (Attendant service). Green nozzle = Petrol (Benzina); Black/Yellow nozzle = Diesel (Gasolio).
Apps: Waze is popular for spotting speed traps and ZTL boundaries.